Fig. 7: (A) Quantification of the amount of biofilm remaining on these surfaces compared to unlubricated controls (CtrlD) and samples that had undergone no lubricant evaporation (0h). The samples with embedded vasculature show significantly less adherent biofilm at all time points (P0.05). (B) Representative images of control samples and samples with an embedded vascularized network after evaporation of the lubricant for 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours and subsequent exposure to E. coli for 48 hours (purple color is from crystal violet staining).